MSF set up the CRAM in Maputo in 2010, with the support of Mozambican health authorities, with the aim of providing better access to care for people with advanced HIV. It became the first and only walk-in facility in the country to receive patients suffering from severe health problems related to HIV. Ten years later, the CRAM has grown, both in size and capacity, with more specialised services being offered to patients. The CRAM provides care for patients with advanced HIV; those requiring more specific antiretroviral therapy after standard treatments have failed; children with HIV-related complications; and people suffering from other infections that can arise alongside HIV, such as hepatitis C or Kaposi Sarcoma cancer. It remains one of the few facilities in the country where patients can receive this kind of care outside of a hospital.

As of 1st January 2021, MSF has handed over the CRAM and its medical activities to national health authorities. They will be supported by the International Training and Education Centre for Health (I-TECH), a global network that works to develop skilled healthcare workers and strong national health systems, and the Centro de Colaboração em Saúde (CCS), a Mozambican organisation whose focus is HIV.