Since the ceasefire agreement on 10 October 2025, the Gaza Strip is effectively divided by a dangerous, ever expanding and ambiguous “yellow line” controlled by the Israeli military. One side of the line is under Israeli military control – marking 58% of the strip –pushing the entire population of Gaza into the remaining 42% of the territory. The line is not clearly marked  for Palestinians, and is gradually shifting to the West. MSF teams have received several patients with violent injuries related to the yellow line; Palestinians have been regularly shot by the Israeli forces while collecting water or firewood or approaching their homes near the line.

Between 11 October 2025 and 21 January 2026, at least 216 Palestinians have been killed, including 46 children and 28 women, in Israeli attacks in the vicinity of this “yellow line” (OHCHR).